[Molecular Nutrition and Food Research] 2017肠道微生物专刊免费阅读

 “we are microbes.”

我们都曾听说过这个说法。然而最近的研究表明我们不是“行走的培养皿”，人体细菌数量实际上与人体细胞数量级相同，但是肠道微生物群对于维持我们的健康来说至关重要，甚至远远超过我们以前的想法。

肠道微生物群体自宿主出生到衰老一直存在并相互影响。通过一系列复杂的宿主– 微生物相互作用来调节多种代谢途径。大量的微生物产物可以通过身体到达组织，因而微生物可能是调节人体健康状况的主要因子。微生物生态系统的破坏会导致许多慢性疾病，包括肠炎，肠易激综合征，结肠直肠癌和肠外疾病，如糖尿病，心血管疾病，代谢综合征，肥胖症，过敏和哮喘。某些情况下，人类的精神健康也受到微生物群的影响，菌群的变化与阿茨海默综合征病，帕金森症，孤独症，精神分裂以及抑郁和焦虑等精神疾病相关。

肠道微生物菌群受遗传，生活方式和环境因素的影响，但饮食因素似乎影响最大，不仅因为饮食的变化可能会导致肠道微生物菌群整体结构的变化，还因为饮食的改变与肠道微生物菌群生理失调息息相关。这期肠道微生物专刊文章内容包括肠道微生物菌群与饮食（或膳食相关的化合物如多酚，寡糖，益生菌等）之间的相互作用，以及这种相互作用对健康的影响。文章内容涵盖了益生菌，肠道微生物群与结肠直肠癌，炎症性肠病相关的分子机制和肥胖等方向。

肠道微生物群的功能应该联合多种组学方法进行研究，以了解宿主和微生物群落如何协调共生作用。

“The point is who takes the initiative, i.e., we modulateour microbes or they make us who we are.”- Juan Carlos Espín, guest editor of this Special Issue

专刊文章

Probiotics, gut microbiota, and their influence on host health and disease

Borja Sánchez, Susana Delgado, Aitor Blanco-Míguez, Anália Lourenço, Miguel Gueimonde and Abelardo Margolles

DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600240

Probiotics exert health benefits on the host through interaction with specific components of the host (mostly epithelial and immune cells), notably at the mucosa level, involving different mechanisms of action and biological effects

Cardiometabolic risk and gut microbial phytoestrogen metabolite phenotypes

Cara L. Frankenfeld

DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500900

Dietary phytoestrogens are found in plants and have several biological activities that may be relevant to human health, including activities that are associated with cardiometabolic risk factors. These compounds are metabolized by gut bacteria to other compounds, which then have their own biological activities. This paper reviews the evidence regarding the role of phytoestrogen metabolism for cardiometabolic risk factors.

更多内容http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mnfr.v61.1/issuetoc, 或点击左下角阅读原文按钮进行阅读。